Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Figure 2.
Major clinical variants of
C. albicans
infection in the oral cavity. Typical lesions
of
Pseudomembranous candidiasis
are characterized by soft white patches surrounded
by an otherwise normal mucosa (a). Erythematous candidiasis, which is primarily
characterized by a sore, reddened mucosa with minimal or no white component (b). The
main features of chronic hyperplastic candidiasis, also known as candidal leukoplakia,
are white nodular or plaque-like adherent lesions that cannot be scraped or wiped
from the mucosal surfaces (c). Denture-related type three stomatitis (d) showing
diffuse changes to the epithelial hyperplasia as it reddens and becomes smooth over
large areas of the palatal denture-bearing mucosa.
(Color image of this fi gure appears in the color plate section at the end of the topic.)
mother's birth canal. It is suggested that passive immunity obtained from
the mother plays an important role in the development of infantile thrush,
as it occurs more often in bottle-fed than in breast-fed babies (Makhoul
et al. 2001). Antibodies transferred through the placenta from mother to
fetus presumably also play a role in protecting the infant against thrush
(Ladomenou et al. 2010).
Typical lesions of
Pseudomembranous candidiasis
are characterized by soft
white patches surrounded by an otherwise normal mucosa (Fig. 2a). These
lesions have a cheesy or curdled milk appearance and can be easily wiped
off, revealing either a normal-looking mucosa or an erythematous mucosa
that may sometimes bleed. These white lesions consist of masses of hyphae,
yeast, desquamated epithelial cells, infl ammatory cells, fi brin and debris and
