Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
salicylate hydroxyalse, with salicylic acid producing and inhibiting activities
(Gaffney et al. 1993) indicates that salicylic acid has inhibitory effects on
root colonization by
Glomus intraradices
and
G. mosseae
(Herrera-Medina
et al. 2003).
Researchers have also indicated the role of salicylic acid on microbial
symbiosis. For example, Martinez-Abarca (1998), Lian et al. (2000) and
McAlvin et al. (2001) found that salicylic acid can decrease the number of
nodules in different leguminous plants. In addition, during the early stages
of AM symbiosis establishment, the mechanisms related to the systematic
acquired resistance are activated, while with the progress of the symbiosis
they are eventually inhibited (Herrera-Medina et al. 2003). During the
pathogenic presence, the genes regulating plant resistance system are
activated and hence conferring the plant to resist the pathogen, through
activating different mechanisms including the production of anti-pathogenic
products (Lian et al. 2000).
CONCLUSION
Elucidation of molecular aspects involved in the symbiosis of the host
plant with arbuscular mycorrhiza, with emphasis on the role of the
related signals may result in the enhancement of symbiosis effi ciency.
This can be of agricultural and ecological signifi cance. It can also be
useful for the development of genetically modifi ed plants, which are
more responsive to AM symbiosis under different conditions and hence
produce higher yield (Miransari 2010a, b). Different plant hormones can
also act as signal molecules and positively or adversely affect mycorrhizal
symbiosis. Plant hormones may control the level and hence specifi city
of mycorrhizal symbiosis. Accordingly, it may be likely to enhance the
effi ciency of mycorrhizal symbiosis under stress by controlling the level
of stress hormones.
References
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Akiyama, K. and H. Hayashi. 2006. Strigolactones: chemical signals for fungal
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97:
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Akiyama, K., S. Ogasawara, S. Ito and H. Hayashi. 2010. Structural requirements
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