Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
3
Gold
Nan
oparticlesinBiomedicine
DinaNemrandHassanM.E.Azzazy
DepartmentofChemistry,theAmericanUniversityinCairo,NewCairo,Egypt
CONTENTS
3.1. Introduction........................................................................................................................... 54
3.2. Gold.Nanostructures........................................................................................................... 54
3.3. Properties............................................................................................................................... 55
3.3.1. Optical.Properties.(Radiative)................................................................................ 55
3.3.1.1. Surface.Plasmon.Resonance..................................................................... 55
3.3.1.2. Plasmon-Plasmon.Interactions................................................................ 56
3.3.2. Physical.Properties.(Nonradiative)........................................................................ 56
3.4. Synthesis.of.AuNPs.............................................................................................................. 56
3.4.1. Chemical.Synthesis.................................................................................................. 56
3.4.1.1. Colloidal.AuNPs........................................................................................ 56
3.4.1.2. Thiolated.AuNPs....................................................................................... 57
3.4.1.3. Gold.Nanoshells......................................................................................... 57
3.4.1.4. Gold.Nanorods........................................................................................... 57
3.4.2. Biological.Synthesis.................................................................................................. 58
3.4.3. Characterization....................................................................................................... 58
3.5. Biomedical.Applications...................................................................................................... 59
3.5.1. Therapeutics.............................................................................................................. 59
3.5.1.1. Drug.Delivery............................................................................................ 59
3.5.1.2. Thermal.Therapy....................................................................................... 66
3.5.2. Diagnostics................................................................................................................ 68
3.5.2.1. Nucleic.Acid.Assays.................................................................................. 69
3.5.2.2. Immunoassays........................................................................................... 74
3.5.3. Imaging...................................................................................................................... 76
3.5.3.1. X-Ray.Computed.Tomography.(CT)........................................................ 76
3.5.3.2. Photoacoustic.Imaging.(PAI)................................................................... 77
3.5.3.3. Dark.Field.Microscopy.............................................................................. 78
3.6. Biodistribution.and.Toxicity............................................................................................... 78
3.7. Future.Prospects.and.Challenges...................................................................................... 79
Acknowledgments......................................................................................................................... 80
References....................................................................................................................................... 80
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