Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
energy. to. potentially. indiscriminately. situated. chloroplast-housed. photoreceptors. com-
prising.phytochrome.
However,. even. if. biological. implications. of. this. structure. are. ignored,. its. importance.
in. the. future. should. not. be. underestimated.. Recent. work. has. examined. the. method. of.
production. of. these. structures. and. has. established. a. very. likely. mechanism. of. the. way.
in.which.the.structures.are.formed,
58,59
.although.the.formal.understanding.of.the.entire.
process.is.not.quite.complete..Studies.are.still.examining.how.a.simple.life.form,.such.as.
a.diatom,.is.able.to.absorb.dissolved.silicate.from.its.marine.environment.and.transform.
it.into.elaborate.geometric.nanopatterned.structures..Other.studies.are.attempting.to.map.
the.genome.of.the.diatom.with.the.goal.of.ascertaining.how.diatoms.can.be.manipulated.
in.order.to.suit.scientiic.needs..With.the.understanding.of.how.to.control.the.crystal.pro-
duction,.and.possibly.subsequent.cell-culture-related.replication,
60,61
.insight.into.the.pro-
duction.of.new.ceramics.and.composite.materials.will.emerge.
48,62
References
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R. Soc. Proc. A
,.
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. 2.. C.W..Mason..Structural.colors.in.bird.feathers..
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. 3.. P..Vukusic..
Structural colors in biological systems: principles and applications
.. Osaka. University.
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. 4.. S..Yoshioka.and.S..Kinoshita..Polarization-sensitive.color.mixing.in.the.wing.of.the.madagas-
can.sunset.moth..
Optics Express
,.15:2691-2701,.2007.
. 5.. P.. Vukusic,. J.R.. Sambles,. C.R.. Lawrence,. and. R.J.. Wootton.. Quantiied. interference. and. dif-
fraction.in.single.
Morpho
.butterly.scales..
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,.266:1403-1411,.1999.
. 6.. A.F..Huxley..A.theoretical.treatment.of.the.relextion.of.light.by.multilayer.structures..
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. 9.. R.F.. Chapman..
The insects: structure and function
,. 4th. ed.. Cambridge. University. Press,.
Cambridge,.1998.
. 10.. R.A.A..Muzzarelli.. Biochemical. modiications. of. chitin.. In.
The insect integument
,. ed.. H.R..
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. 11.. K.M.. Rudall.. Molecular. structure. of. arthropod. cuticles.. In.
The insect integument
,. ed.. H.R..
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. 12.. G.A.F..Roberts..
Chitin chemistry
..MacMillan.Press,.London,.1992.
. 13.. R.H..Hackman..The.interactions.of.cuticular.proteins.and.some.comments.on.their.adaptation.
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,.ed..H.R..Hepburn..Elsevier,.New.York,.1976.
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,.178:205-225,.1971.
. 15.. P..Vukusic,.J.R..Sambles,.and.H..Ghiradella..Optical.classiication.of.microstructure.in.butterly.
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Photonic Sci. News
,.6:61-66,.2000.
. 16.. P..Vukusic,.J.R..Sambles,.C.R..Lawrence,.and.G..Wakely..Sculpted-multilayer.optical.effects.in.
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Papilio
.butterly..
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. 17.. H.W..Bates..New.species.of.butterlies.from.Guatemala.and.Panama.(continued)..
Entomologist's
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