Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
500 nm
5000 nm
FIGURE 15.1
Upper.panel:.TEM.micrograph.of.knob-like.excrescences.(arrow highlights.a.clear.example).from.an ex.vivo.
matured.
Plasmodium falciparum
.clinical.isolate.from.the.Thai-Burmese.border.(SMRU laboratory)..Lower.panel:.
SEM. scan. of. a. red. blood. cell-infected. laboratory. clone. of
Plasmodium falciparum
.. The. entire. surface. of. the.
infected. red. cell. is. covered. with. numerous. knobs,. giving. the. impression. of. a. rough-textured. cell. surface..
Arrow.indicates.an.example.of one.of.these.many.knobs..Note.the.smooth.uninfected.red.blood cells.in.the.
background.
microscopy.has.poor.sensitivity.and.speciicity.in.the.diagnosis.of.mixed.infections,.it.is.
possible.that.past.samples.examined.by.SEM.and.TEM.contain.a.minority.species.that.was.
inadvertently.reported.
15.4 AnEmergingToolfortheInvestigation
of Malaria:AtomicForceMicroscopy
Atomic.force.microscopy.(AFM).is.a.highly.sensitive.surface.scanning.method.that.pro-
vides.data.on.nanometer-scale.resolution.and.at.physiological.conditions.that.would.be.
dificult.to.perform.using.electron.microscopy..Different.from.the.concept.of.detecting.
delected.or.scattered.light.or.electrons.from.the.sample.that.light.microscopy.and.elec-
tron. microscopy. use. for. imaging,. AFM. relies. on. a. lexible. cantilever. with. a. sharp. tip.
at.the.end.to.directly.sense.the.sample.surface..By.means.of.monitoring.the.tip-sample.
interaction. from. cantilever. bending. during. scanning. across. the. sample. surface
,
. AFM.
