Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Clinical Symptoms at 5 Days Post Infection
A
B
FIGURE 7.5
Clinical.symptoms.at.5.days.postinfection.with.adenovirus.5..Treatment.(twice.daily).with.two.drops.at.a.time.
was.started.3.hours.postinfection..A:.Vehicle.control..B:.NNVC.B.
group.had.markedly.higher.clinical.scores.for.conjunctival.injection.and.blepharitis.than.
the. NNVC. B-. and. NNVC. C-treated. groups.. Moreover,. both. parameters. (conjunctivitis.
and.blepharitis).were.still.signiicantly.elevated.at.day.10.in.the.vehicle.control.group,.
while.in.the.NNVC.B.and.C.treatment.groups.both.parameters.had.returned.to.baseline..
An.example.of.the.clinical.symptoms.is.shown.in.Figure 7.5,.in.which.a.typical.vehicle-
treated. eye. and. an. NNVC. B-treated. eye. are. compared. at. day. 5. postinfection.. Clearly.
many.of.the.clinical.symptoms.of.the.conjunctiva.in.the.NNVC.B-treated.eye.are.signii-
cantly.reduced.compared.to.the.conjunctiva.of.the.vehicle-treated.eye.
The.subepithelial.iniltrates,.characteristic.of.an.immune.response.to.the.viral.infection,.
were.not.detected.until.day.21,.and.only.in.a.few.instances..However,.by.day.37.(day.of.
sacriice),. as. shown. in. Table 7.2,. 83%. of. the. rabbit. eyes. in. the. vehicle. control. group. had.
detectable. iniltrates,. whereas. none. of. the. rabbit. eyes. in. the. NNVC. B. group. had. detect-
able.iniltrates..In.the.NNVC.C.treatment.group,.50%.of.the.rabbit.eyes.had.iniltrates..The.
rabbits.were.sacriiced.on.day.37,.and.the.corneas.removed.for.histopathology.studies.to.
conirm.the.cellular.composition.of.the.iniltrates.
Thus,. nanoviricide. treatment. had. a. marked. effect. on. the. severity. and. duration. of.
both. conjunctivitis. and. blepharitis,. and. perhaps. more. importantly,. nanoviricide.
treatment.dramatically.decreased.the.incidence.of.the.vision-threatening.subepithelial.
iniltrates..Given.that,.currently,.no.effective.topical.or.systemic.therapeutic.agent.has.
been.approved.by.the.U.S..FDA,.NanoViricides,.Inc..can.potentially.develop.a.highly.
effective. therapeutic. for. this. disease. for. which. there. is. a. signiicant. unmet. medical.
need.
TABLE 7.2
Incidence.of.Subepithelial.Iniltrates
Treatment
No.
of
Eyes
with
Subepithelial
Iniltrates
Vehicle
5/6.(83%)
NNVC.B
0/6.(0%)
NNVC.C
3/6.(50%)
