Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Simulation
Qualitative Comparison
Benchmark Test #1
Visual Comparison
Benchmark Test #2
Determinant-shape Comparisons
Qualitative Comparison
Benchmark Test #3
95% Confidence Interval
Benchmark Test #4
R
2
Coefficient of Determination of
Determinants at Distinct Key Frames
Validate
FIGURE 9.5
Flow diagram of the validation methodology showing the two comparison stages with the
four benchmark tests.
in subjects' trends during complex motions where people use different strategies
that cannot be captured by the quantitative statistical measures. The second
benchmark involves subjectively comparing the general shape of the joint angle
time histories for the experimental and predicted avatars.
In the quantitative comparison of the validation methodology, the third and
fourth benchmarks quantitatively compare the determinants' time histories based
on statistical metrics. The quantitative comparison stage comprises rigorous statis-
tical comparisons between the magnitude of the predicted and normal determi-
nants. The first benchmark of this stage tests if the predicted time history
magnitude of the determinants follows the magnitude of the mean of the normal
subjects and falls within the 95th percentile interval of confidence. The second
and final benchmark of this stage is designed to statistically determine, using the
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