Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Step voltage response of new hydrated IPMC cantilever
strip (20 mm
×
5 mm
×
0.2 mm, 1.5 volts, 126 mA)
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
PVP treated
PVP nontreated
0
20
40
60
80
100
Time (sec)
(a)
Step voltage response of new semi-dry IPMC cantilever
strip (20 mm
×
5 mm
×
0.2 mm, 1.5 volts, 104 mA)
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
PVP treated
PVP nontreated
0
20
40
60
80
100
Time (sec)
(b)
FIGURE 2.2(a) and (b)
Step response displacement characteristics of IPMNC samples. (a)
hydrated; (b) semidry.
Typical frequency-dependent dynamic deformation characteristics of IPMNCs are
depicted in figure 2.2(c).
Once an electric field is imposed on an IPMNC cantilever, in their polymeric
network the conjugated and hydrated cations rearrange to accommodate the local
electric field and thus the network deforms. In the simplest of cases, such as in thin
membrane sheets, spectacular bending is observed (fig. 2.2(d)) under small electric
fields such as tens of volts per millimeter. Figure 2.2(d) depicts typical force and
deflection characteristics of cantilever samples of IPMNC artificial muscles.
