Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
FIGURE 4.51
A PAN muscle system under an electric field: initial (left) and after 15 min (right).
FIGURE 4.52
PAN fiber displacement in a HCl solution (1
M
): initial (left) and after 15 min
(right) positions.
FIGURE 4.53
Horizontal self-powered pH meter equipped with PAN fibrous muscle fibers
and a resilient rotating cylinder.
Most conventional pH meters use some form of electric power source and are
extremely sensitive to external environmental conditions such as temperature and pres-
sure. This will limit the use of the meter to a controlled environment. Slight contamination
