Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
FIGURE 3.58
The IPMNCs made with solution recast Nafion. Top two photos show the
fabricated eight-finger IPMNC (
Octopus-IPMNC
). It (2-mm thickness) can easily sustain the
eight U.S. quarters. (Note that a U.S. quarter has a mass of 5.3 g.) The diameter of this IPMNC
is approximately 10.5 cm. The electrode is centered. The middle and bottom photographs show
the IPMNC in action without applying load and with a load. As can be seen, a quarter is lifted.
The time internal between the frames is approximately 1 sec. A step voltage of 2.8 V was applied
(
E
= 1.4 V/mm). These IPMNCs were manufactured by typical metal-reducing techniques.
Platinum was composited initially and gold was plated later. The cation is Li
+
.
the zero displacement condition (blocking force) and the tip displacement (truly the
maximum displacement) was measured without a load applied. In figure 3.61 (left),
the force responses of an IPMNC sample (2-mm thickness, 15-mm effective length,
and 5 mm-width) are provided. Note that the applied step voltages across the sample
(0.5 Hz) are 2, 4, and 6 V, respectively (1, 2, and 3 V/mm, respectively). Although
these applied electric fields are very small, the responses of the sample are excellent
in terms of useful forces being generated.
