Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
showed
in vitro
inhibition on alpha glucosidase and alpha amylase enzymes
reduced the mean GI to 57 at 15 mg concentration, 46 by 50 mg concen-
tration, and 54 by 100 mg concentration. There was no significant effect of
the dose of the extract on the GI reduction (
Holt, de Jong, Faramus, Lang, &
The effect of polyphenols on insulin sensitivity was also reported in a trial
where a mixed spice blend was used in overweight men (reference).
A control meal of cheese bread, coconut chicken, and dessert biscuit was
compared with a test meal of the same foods with added spice mix. The spices
used included black pepper, cinnamon, cloves, garlic powder, ginger, oreg-
ano, rosemary, paprika, and turmeric. The test meal with spices reduced insu-
lin response with no effect on glucose response similar to many other
polyphenols. However, due to the complexity of the spice ingredients,
the effect could be due to any of the active compounds in them.
Table 5.5
is a summary of the research trials using fruit-based ingredients for blood glu-
cose modulation in healthy and type 2 diabetic subjects.
Table 5.5 Summary of studies using honey, nut, and fruit-based ingredients for blood
glucose control in healthy and type 2 diabetes subjects
Study
Subjects
Food
Outcome
Type 2
diabetes
subjects
Dealcoholized
muscadine grape
wine
Improved insulin
sensitivity and reduced
insulin response
Healthy
subjects
60 g raw
unblanched
almonds with
white bread
Reduced postprandial
glycemic response
Low glycemic index 55
Healthy
subjects
Natural honey
(1 g/kg body
weight)
Reduced postprandial
glycaemia
Type 2
diabetic
women
Raw almonds
10 g/day for
4 weeks
Reduced fasting and
postprandial glycemic
response
Healthy
subjects
Berry meal with
35 g sucrose
Reduced glycemic
response at 1 and 30 min
Healthy
subjects
Oatmeal
fermented drink
with 47%
bilberries
No effect on glycemic
index but reduced the
insulin index significantly
