METHODOLOGY OF PROTECTING THE STATE INFORMATION RESOURCES IN INFORMATION AND TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS IN UKRAINE - Cyberwar-Netwar: Security in the Information Age - page 147

DISCUSSION OF PART III:
STRATEGIC KNOWLEDGE: HOW INTELLIGENCE AND

SECURITY TOOLS CAN HELP

Lt.General Mateus da Silva
with contributions from Col. D. Handy, Dr. A. Erez, Maj.General L. Vellone, Dr. C. Mounier

Handy : Dealing with the concept of what I want to call cultural awareness and
vulnerability really deals with the concept of open source information. If we are aware of
other cultures and values and those cultures are aware of ours, then sometimes the
threshhold may be tripped where we can actually pick it up, but if they are so aware of
what we are looking for, they will stay below that threshhold and actually exploit it. Our
tacit knowledge can get to the point where we will not even think of something as
harmful when it has been made harmful. For instance, up until a couple of years ago box
cutters were just box cutters. Tennis shoes and matches were just tennis shoes and
matches. Now, all of a sudden those things trip the threshhold and trip our intelligence
sources but there are so many other things out there that if we continue to use our
traditional intelligence models, we are never going to capture a lot of these asymmetric
type operations over the Internet or any other way.

Erez : First of all intelligence has two meanings, intelligence and information
gathering. Assessment intelligence is a human intelligence, which means that at the end
of the road we have to operate our intelligence in order to get the right intelligence for
decision-making. And this is perhaps the cause of any problem concerning fighting,
whether it is the interest of an enterprise or a national interest, but I think a question was
raised about whether cyberwar was a kind of non-conventional weapon. I would like to
go back a bit to the theory and try to discuss or give my opinion on what is a crossroads
in getting a decision to use any kind of non-conventional weapon. Using the web is using
a non-conventional weapon and perhaps when we sum up the workshop we will discuss
at what stage we are right now, but I will try to give my opinion on coming to a decision
to use such weapons. First of all we need to group together those who have any kind of
ideology, meaning that the use of any kind of non-conventional weapon meets the
ideology of the organisation or the goals and the aims of the organisation.
Of course there has to be a know-how in order to do this and the question is whether
terrorists nowadays have the knowledge to do it? And I do not speak about individuals,
but organised groups. Knowledge and ideology need management, because if they are
organised, they need to have management, both skilled and unskilled to lead such attacks,
to lead such an operation, to control and command it and of course to carry it out at the
proper moment. They need to meet, to gather with other operational organisations that
can enlarge the cause, because in my opinion the targets of the terrorists are not the
victims but the audience. Of course we need the relevant target audience. It can be the
victims or the threatened audience and it can be the followers of the organisation. They
need some sort of distance between the organisation and the target, in order not to have
emotional or psychological feelings while attacking such an audience. Although in
certain groups of current terrorism we see that the presence of distance from the