IT Support of Production Efficiency Analysis in Ecological Aspect - Technology Management for Sustainable Production and Logistics - page 204

of production processes on the environment including the risk management and
ISO 14000 and OHSAS 18001 norms. The functionality of the system is also
matching with the European IPPC directive of 2008/1/EC concerning integrated
prevention and control of pollutants, including industrial emissions, monitor-
ing the noise, etc. Information systems assisting the environmental management
integrate a number of advanced analytic functions of operational management of
a production process in real time (based on tools of multi-criteria optimization), as
well as script analyses, strategic and optimization planning. The functionality of
EMIS systems includes:
• module assisting monitoring, reporting (constant and periodic) and analyses of
forecasts of all operations carried out having an influence on an environment
(freeing pollutants to the atmosphere, generating dangerous waste or exagger-
ated noise),
• risk assessment and risk management in the situation of accidental freeing of
dangerous materials according to different scenarios (e.g. evaporating, chemical
fire, explosion, contamination of the soil, etc.).
In business practice the effectiveness of environmental management will depend on
the degree of the EMIS systems integration with IT systems, most often of ERP class,
supporting the business administration (Funk et al. 2009 ). It is also necessary to pro-
vide an easy access to supplementing data sources which are kept by the remaining
participants of the supply chain (Kolinska and Cudzilo 2014 ). Scope of information
and data sources essential for effective sustainable management of the production
process in recognition of the supply chain (Fig. 2 ) includes (Golinska 2010 ):
• Supplier Information Systems—should provide information regarding Life
Cycle Inventory, raw materials/components environmental impact, environmen-
tal impacts of supply processes (like preprocessing, storage and delivery),
• Manufacturer ERP/PPC—provides data on procurement, production and sales,
especially information about bill of materials (BOM), production orders,
production capacities, disassembly BOM (if applicable, DBOM could be also
obtained from external data sources),
• Distribution Systems—provide data regarding product distribution, detailed
location of sale points and amounts of sales (needed for returns flows forecast
and the design of recovery network), as well as should provide assessment of
environmental impact of distribution activities,
• Recycling Institutions information systems/data bases—provide data on returns
collection, products' returns structure, capacities of recovery network, as well as
data on returns forecast,
• External Life Cycle Assessment databases (LCA DB)—provide the estimates
on product life cycle assessment based on products classification,
• Manufacturer EMIS—provides material low networks and energy lows, com-
pany environmental data regarding resource consumption and environmental
impact of the production process. It addition, the environmental impact assess-
ment of the whole company that cannot be allocated to a particular production
process should also be taken into consideration.