A Methodology for Green Supplier Selection in Food Industries - Technology Management for Sustainable Production and Logistics - page 11

The whole procedure is presented in food industry. In the next section, the meth-
odology is fully illustrated step by step according to Fig. 3 .
4 Numerical Case Study
To demonstrate the presented MCDM methodology, real survey from a case study
(edible oil company) is given. This company is one of the well-known and biggest
Iranian edible oil companies which has five huge manufacturing units for extract-
ing and refining of edible oil and detergent accessories production.
The company packages productions in three forms of glass, Polyethylene tere-
phthalate (PET) bottles, and steel sheet (tin). Glass bottle application is limited
and uses only for some olive oil. This company desires to select from PMS of PET
granule and tin.
For judgment about suppliers, it is difficult to obtain precise preferences of
decision makers because of two reasons: (1) The decision data of human pref-
erences are often vague, (2) As improvement of greening depends on environ-
mental (planet), social (people) and economical (profit) aspects, decision makers
may not be able to evaluate suppliers from all these aspects. While one deci-
sion maker might have economic expertise, another might have experience with
environment-related issues. An expert team nominated from different posi-
tion (purchase manager, purchase staff, environmental expert, and research and
development staff), also the importance of each decision maker in expert team is
considered.
The details of proposed methodology applied in the case study described in fol-
lowing sections from part A to E (see Fig. 3 ).
4.1 Part A
Criteria selection is based on evaluation factors. Evaluation factors determine and
prioritize the characteristics which company expected from criteria. According to
company preferences four evaluation factors of frequency in references, adapta-
tion with kind of product, easily understanding and easily measurement selected to
examine candidate criteria.
Several factors may affect a supplier's performance. The most relevant criteria
from conventional supplier selection and green supplier selection review papers
collected as set of candidate criteria (Table 1 ). According to conventional supplier
selection papers qualitative, financial, service, and management and organization
criteria are the most important criteria. Similarly from the green supplier selection
papers environmental management system (EMS), green image, design for envi-
ronment (DE), environmental improvement costs (EIC) and green competencies
are the most important criteria.