Miniaturized Detection Systems - Waterborne Pathogens: Detection Methods and Applications - page 330

Figure 10.9 Schematic of stages in molecular detection and the appropriate microflu-
idic technology. Source: Table 1 from Ref. 5 . (For color version of this figure, the reader is
referred to the online version of this topic.)
The technology involves integrated IMS and washing of the oocysts, heat
shock, lysis, extraction, purification, and detection of RNA amplicons, using
fluorescent liposomes. However, the technology is at an early stage and no
LOD or recovery rate was communicated. Furthermore, more sample prep-
aration including sample filtration and concentration would be needed to
obtain the 5 mL sample size suitable for this credit card-size chip ( Fig. 10.9(b) ).
Early Warning Inc. is another company selling an automated platform
for on-line monitoring of pathogens including protozoa (Early Warning Inc.
2011). Unlike previous examples, the platform includes a concentrator capable
of sampling 10 L of water and filtering it to a 10 mL sample. The concentrator