Molecular Methods for the Detection of Waterborne Pathogens - Waterborne Pathogens: Detection Methods and Applications - page 251

Table 8.1 Major groups of waterborne microbial pathogens with their traditional and proposed detection methods
Group

Pathogen Traditional method Suggested new methods

ICC-PCR 45
Real-time qPCR detected 1.5 gene copies 132
RT-qPCR and real-time RT-qPCR with
electropositive filtration method 126

Viruses Adenoviridae

(Adenovirus)

Concentration by filtration and
detection using mammalian cell
cultures 5

RT-PCR 133 Astroviridae

(Astroviruses)

Concentration by filtration and detec-
tion using mammalian cell cultures 5

Real-time qPCR detected 10 gene copies 132
RT-qPCR 134

Caliciviruses
(noroviruses,
sapoviruses)

Concentration by filtration and detec-
tion using mammalian cell cultures 5

No cell culture available for norovirus,
so use molecular methods 128

RT-qPCR and real-time RT-qPCR with electropositive
filtration method for norovirus 126

Picornaviridae
(enterovirus,
polio, echo,
coxsackie)

Concentration by filtration and detec-
tion using mammalian cell cultures 5

RT-qPCR using Taqman could detect 0.8 pfu per reaction 44
Metagenomic analysis, pyrosequencing 11
RT-qPCR and real-time RT-qPCR with
electropositive filtration method 126

Picornaviridae
(hepatitis A)

Not available ICC-MB assay 90

Duplex RT-qPCR 135

Hepaviridae
(hepatitis E)

Not available Real-time RT-qPCR method 136

Real-time PCR Taqman assay and real-time PCR Pro-
ProET assay 137
Duplex RT-qPCR 138

Reoviridae
(Rotavirus)

Environmental samples concentrated by
filtration and detection using
mammalian cell cultures 5

Integrated microfluidic-PCR method
combined with fluorescence detection 45

Human fecal samples analyzed by elec-
tron microscopy, enzyme immunoassay,
latex agglutination, and polyacryl-
amide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) 45