Biosensors for the Detection of Waterborne Pathogens - Waterborne Pathogens: Detection Methods and Applications - page 201

demonstrates the improved detection limit using antibodies with this
transduction approach, reaching a 10 ng mL −1 LOD with an assay time of
45 min, although not using a waterborne virus. 49
An antibody-based SAW device for viruses was presented in 2008, capa-
ble of detecting on the order of 10 3 viruses mL −1 . 51 While the sensitivity
was reduced in different water matrices, performance of this sensor was
maintained in sewage effluents and river water.
7.5. BIOSENSORS FOR WATERBORNE BACTERIA
Of all the pathogen types, bacteria are the most studied with regard
to biosensors. The information in this section summarizes the biosensor
technology applied to a range of different bacteria in the period 2003-2012,
Figure 7.11 Illustration of viral detection using silicon photonic microring resona-
tors. Microrings functionalized to present antibodies (purple) specific for the virus of
interest (blue icosahedron) (a) support optical resonances at particular wavelengths
that are extremely sensitive to antigen binding-induced changes in the local refrac-
tive index. As viruses in a sample bind to the antibodies on the microring, the reso-
nance shifts to longer wavelengths (b), and this shift is monitored in real time (c) to
allow quantification of the target virus. In (c) the arrow indicates the time at which
the sample is introduced and the asterisk (*) indicates the return to running buffer.
Source: Figure 1 from Ref. 49 . Reproduced with permission. (For interpretation of the
references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the online version
of this topic.)