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feedback. Plenty spare processing capacity can be utilized during the task. It is a rea-
son to explain the fast processed to the unattended emotional items.
Besides, the difference only existed between the emotional and neutral expressions,
and we didn't find the difference between the positive emotion (happy) and negative
emotion (angry). Although there were some studies found the process of positive
emotion and negative emotion activated different brain areas and may involve differ-
ent processing mechanism [13, 6]. Emotional valence should not be neglected when
we discuss the attention effect on the emotion processing. In the study by Anderson
[7], the amygdala responses to attended and unattended fearful faces were the same,
responses to unattended disgusted faces were, paradoxically, increased. Unfortu-
nately, the two negative emotions were not in our experiment. The further research is
going to consider more emotion valence.
In summary, the study with dynamic natural expressions found the emotional effect
under the unattended condition. It indicates that the expressions with emotional in-
formation are processed faster than the ones without emotion (e.g., neutral) when they
are outside the current focus of attention. As the salient information for the survival
and the keys in human social communication, the emotion requires fast processed.
The processing to the emotion is automatic regardless it is inside or outside the atten-
tion and regardless it is relevant or irrelevant to the ongoing behavior. Further re-
search should utilize electrophysiology or neuroimaging to test the behavioral results.
It will also reveal the details of emotion processing mechanism and the role of atten-
tion plays.
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