Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 9.2 N 2 O emissions and EFs calculated for each single fertilization event in the sites
presented in Table 9.1
ID
Baseline
(B)
g N-N 2 O/
ha day
FIE
g N 2 O-N/ha
FIE
Length
days
Peak
max
g N/
ha day
N input
kg N/ha
EFs%
FIE B
N input × 100
Fertilizer type
1
0.88
273.7
56
13.3
130
0.21
Urea
0.17
212.3
45
18.9
130
0.16
Urea
2
0.21
97.7
41
7.2
130
0.07
Green manure
3
4
0.22
212.9
35
31.9
65
0.33
Entec 25
0.22
206.9
35
32.6
193
0.11
Urea
4
0.26
213.5
29
34.9
41
0.52
NK + NPK
5
5
0.26
NA*
NA*
NA*
64
-
(NH 4 ) 2 SO 4
22.75
5,392.0
16
800.0
130
4.15
Urea
7
22.75
2,937.0
13
1,100.0
260
1.13
Vetch
7
8
29.72
3,532.5
18
540.0
130
2.72
Urea
0.63
31.5
8
2.5
20
0.16
NPK 8-24-24
9
0.63
233.8
10
29.4
100
0.24
NH 4 NO 3
(N 34 %)
9
0.63
488.3
10
141.5
100
0.49
NH 4 NO 3
(N 26 %)
9
0.63
47.1
35
0.8
54
0.52
N 18 % P 2 O 5
46 %
10
10
0.63
214.3
21
35.4
83
0.69
N 46 %;
0.63
1,738.4
37
128.7
276
0.21
N 46 %
10
0.52
72.6
35
1.1
54
0.16
N 18 % P 2 O 5
46 %
11
0.52
287.3
21
52.6
83
0.07
N 46 %;
11
0.52
2,374.1
37
185.0
276
0.33
N 46 %
11
12
0.63
129.0
0
2.6
0
-
No
fertilizations
12
0.63
43.3
0
6.0
0
-
No
fertilizations
0.63
65.2
0
7.9
0
-
No
fertilizations
12
Identification code (ID) refers to ID of Table 9.1
*Not available
the Turin site (site 7 and 8). The overall mean EF was 0.7 % 2.3 (2 SD) and
0.3 % 0.4 (2 SD) including or excluding this site from the analysis, respectively.
For a better characterization of the magnitude of N 2 O emissions, the total fertilizer
induced emission (FIE), the maximum peak value and the time length of the emis-
sion peak (back to baseline) were calculated (Table 9.2 ).
FIE for each fertilization event increased with increasing fertilizer N addition
following an exponential relationship (Fig. 9.1 ) in accordance with Bouwamn
et al. ( 2002b ) observations. However, the rate of increase of N 2 O flux per unit of
 
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