Travel Reference
In-Depth Information
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EMOCRACIES
THE TRIUMPH OF DEMOCRACY IN SPAIN: 1975-2000
Between 1975 and 1982 the Spaniards amazed the world and, most of
all, themselves. A nation that for centuries had won a reputation for
arrogant confrontation and, more recently, murderous political strife
carried out a peaceful transition from dictatorship to democracy. Despite
all of the journalistic predictions and well-founded apprehensions, the
Spanish people bade farewell to Franco and followed his designated
successor into the mainstream of modern life.
Moving cautiously but steadily, the moderate reformers who had
guided the process of change during the last years of the old regime
prepared the ground for constitutional revision. With even more
remarkable self-restraint and patience the various opposition groups
refined their programs to meet the common interests of the country as
a whole. Even the most reactionary and potentially most dangerous
elements in Spanish society, including the military and security forces,
permitted what could only result in a steady erosion of their power.
During this period of transition, as everyone seemed to be holding his
or her breath, wondering when an inevitable crisis would come, King
Juan Carlos played a vital role in balancing the special interests and
fears that divided Spanish society. He encouraged, rebuked, and negoti-
ated, at all times reminding his people of the need to preserve stability
and unity. Far more than a mere figurehead the monarch proved to be
a man who could rally support from all quarters, convincing them of
his honesty and personal regard while always keeping his eye on the
ultimate prize—the triumph of Spain.
By 1978 the intense debates over the new constitution had produced
a document that guaranteed an authentic representation of the people
and the preservation of the national heritage in conjunction with due
recognition for regional autonomy. An orderly political process had
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