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Applications of Chaos and Fractal Theories
in the Field of Electromagnetic Scattering
Chao Qi 1 ,YuanZhuang 1 , Huixin Zhang 1 , and Sai Qi 2
1 School of Electrical Engineering and Automation,Harbin Institute of Technology,
Harbin, HLJ 150001, P.R. China
2 Heilongjiang Electric Power Staff University Harbin, HLJ 150030, P.R. China
qichao@hit.edu.cn
Abstract. Chaos and fractals have gained extensive attention since they
were proposed as two useful tools in studying nonlinear dynamic systems.
The combination of the two theories has achieved obvious effect on prac-
tical application for their inherent relation. This paper has discoursed
the applications of chaos and fractal in the field of EM (electromagnetic)
scattering, mainly on rough surface modeling, analysis of sea clutters,
scatters synthesis and scatter communication. It is obvious that chaos
and fractal theories have great superiority over traditional ones in deal-
ing with nonlinear problems. This paper shows that chaos and fractals
have played an important part in various aspects of electromagnetic scat-
tering.
Keywords: Chaos, Fractal, Electromagnetic Scattering.
1 Introduction
The process of which object molecules forming the electromagnetic polar mo-
ment of orientation and radiating electromagnetic waves when being irradiated,
is called electromagnetic scattering. It makes significantly sense of practice to
study the magnitude and distribution of the scattered electromagnetic field.
For example, scattered echoes are used for searching, tracking or recognising
target object in radar detection, while radar stealth techniques take the ad-
vantage of some materials absorbing a significant amount of electromagnetic
waves and transferring them into heat to reduce the echoes[1]. In communication
field, as a kind of beyond-the-horizon communication ,the scatter communica-
tion uses electromagnetic waves scattered by troposphere and ionosphere as the
non-homogeneous of them[2]. For remote sensing, it is feasible to analyze the
nature, property and state of target objects by detecting the characteristic of
radiation and reaction of the electromagnetic waves from them[3]. In addition,
the theory of EM scattering relates to many other fields such as subterranean
exploration, electromagnetic compatibility, interference& anti-interference and
so on. It's critical to model the rough surface in the analysis of the electromag-
netic scattering. Generally, traditional models are Gaussian, exponential or the
combinations of them, which have their limitations. The newly-born chaos and
 
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