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Optimal reactive power planning is an important way to solve the above problems, it
researches that optimal compensation position, capacity and the input time of the newly
increased reactive power compensation equipment during a period(generally in the future
for 1-3 years). Optimal reactive power planning contains two aspects: from the point of
view of operation, should minimize the active power loss and optimize the system
operation economy; from the point of view of investment, should minimize the
investment of the newly increased reactive power compensation equipment, can
described by a objective function and a set of constraints in mathematics. In the area of
reactive power optimization, the common optimization methods include: nonlinear
programming, linear programming and mixed integer programming. Because of reactive
power optimization is a nonlinear problem, so nonlinear programming is used to reactive
power optimization firstly, the representative methods include simplified gradient
method, Newton method optimal flow algorithm and quadratic programming, and
quadratic programming is a mature branch in the field of mathematical programming.
For the reactive optimization problem, the objective function and constraints often
have a form of quadratic function, so quadratic programming can be used to solve the
problem of reactive power optimization [3]. The advantage of quadratic programming
is the better accuracy and reliability, but the computing time increases sharply with
the increased of problem scale and can appear the no convergence phenomenon when
solve the critical feasibility problems. In fact, for the optimal reactive power planning
of the electric power system, the request of computing time is not strict, so quadric
programming completely suits for optimal reactive power planning.
This study discusses optimal reactive power planning based on quadratic
programming function in MATLAB Optimization Toolbox, the work procedures are
shown as following:
1.
To establish the mathematical model of the optimal reactive power planning:
determine the decision variable, construct the objective function and select the
constraint conditions.
2.
To program in MATLAB and use quadratic programming function to find the
optimal decision variable and the optimal solution of objective function.
3.
To analysis and verify the rationality and effectiveness of the mathematical model
and optimization method through the actual examples.
2
Mathematical Model of Optimal Reactive Power Planning
Reactive power planning mainly considers the following three aspects: the active
power loss of transmission lines, the installation and maintenance costs of reactive
compensation devices and the deviation degree of voltage. Through the optimization
planning calculation, determine the optimal compensation position and capacity.
2.1
Objective Function
Different distribution network, according to the requirements of the planning and
improvement, the objective function can have a variety of forms.
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