Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
known facts and approaches in further biomedical applications of
calcium orthophosphates.
References and Notes
1. As a mineral species, apatite was first recognized by the father of
German geology Abraham Gottlob Werner (1750-1817) in 1786
and named by him from the ancient Greek απατάω (apatao) — “to
mislead” or “to deceive”, because it had previously been mistaken
for other minerals, such as beryl, tourmaline, chrysolite, amethyst,
fluorite, etc. Currently, apatite is the name for a group of minerals
with the same crystallographic structure and does not indicate one
chemical composition. That is why the term “calcium apatite” is used
in this Chapter.
2. Dorozhkin, S. V. (2007) Calcium orthophosphates,
J. Mater. Sci
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42
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1061-1095.
3. Dorozhkin, S. V. (2009) Calcium orthophosphates in nature, biology
and medicine,
Materials
,
2
, 399-498.
4. Davy, H. (1808) The Bakerian lecture: On some new phenomena
of chemical changes produced by electricity, particularly the
decomposition of the fixed alkalies, and the exhibition of the new
substances which constitute their bases; and on the general nature of
alkaline bodies,
Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond
.,
98
, 1-44.
5. Davy, H. (1808) Electro-chemical researches on the decomposition of
the earths; with observations on the metals obtained from the alkaline
earths, and on the amalgam procured from ammonia,
Phil. Trans. R.
Soc. Lond
.,
98
, 333-370.
6. Boyl, R. (1693) A paper of the honourable Robert Boyl's, deposited
with the secretaries of the Royal Society, Octob. 14. 1680. and opened
since his death; being an account of his making the phosphorus, etc.,
Phil. Trans
.,
17
, 583-584.
7. Driskell, T. D. (1994) Early history of calcium phosphate materials and
coatings. In:
Characterization and Performance of Calcium Phosphate
Coatings for Implants
. ASTM STP 1196. Horowitz, E. Parr, J. E. (Eds.),
American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, USA, pp.
1-9.
8. Albee, F. H., assisted by Morrison, H. F. (1920) Studies in bone growth.
Triple calcium phosphate as a stimulus to osteogenesis,
Ann. Surg
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