Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
BCP [497] and gelatin/BCP [498, 499] biocomposites are known as
well.
A choice of DCPD-based biocomposites of DCPD, albumin and
duplex DNA was prepared by water/oil/water interfacial reaction
method [313]. Core-shell type DCPD/chitosan biocomposite fibers
were prepared by a wet spinning method in another study [500].
The energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis indicated that
Ca and P atoms were mainly distributed on the outer layer of the
composite fibers; however, a little amount of P atoms remained
inside the fibers. This indicated that the composite fibers formed
a unique core-shell structure with shell of calcium orthophosphate
and core of chitosan [500]. A similar formulation was prepared for
further applications in bone cement biocomposites [501]. DCPA/
BSA biocomposites were synthesized through the co-precipitation
of BSA on the nanodimensional particles of DCPA performed
in ethanol [502]. Nanodimensional DCPA was synthesized and
incorporated into dental resins to form dental biocomposites [503-
505]. Although, this is not to the point, it is interesting to mention
that some DCPD/polymer composites could be used as proton
conductors in battery devices [506, 507]. Nothing has been reported
on their biocompatibility but, perhaps, sometime the improved
formulations will be used to fabricate biocompatible batteries for
implantable electronic devices.
Various ACP-based biocomposites and hybrid formulations
for dental applications have been developed [508-511]. Besides,
several ACP-based formulations were investigated as potential
biocomposites for bone grafting [419, 512-514] and drug delivery
[515]. Namely, ACP/PPF biocomposites were prepared by
in situ
precipitation [513], while PHB/carbonated ACP and PHBHV/
carbonated ACP biocomposites appeared to be well suited as
slowly biodegradable bone substitution material [419]. Another
example comprises hybrid nanodimensional capsules of ~50-70
nm in diameter which were fabricated by ACP mineralization of
shell cross-linked polymer micelles and nano-sized cages [514].
These nano-sized capsules consisted of a continuous ultrathin
inorganic surface layer that infiltrated the outer cross-linked
polymeric domains. They might be used as structurally robust, pH-
responsive biocompatible hybrid nanostructures for drug delivery,
bioimaging and therapeutic applications [514]. Additional examples
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