Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 4.4.
Various techniques to deposit bioresorbable coatings of calcium orthophosphates on metal implants [538, 539]
Technique
Thickness
Advantages
Disadvantages
Thermal spraying 30-200 μm High deposition rates; low cost
Line of sight technique; high temperatures
induce decomposition; rapid cooling produces
amorphous coatings
Sputter coating 0.5-3 μm
Uniform coating thickness on flat
substrates; dense coating
Line of sight technique; expensive; time
consuming; produces amorphous coatings
Pulsed laser
deposition
0.05-5 μm
Coating by crystalline and amorphous
phases; dense and porous coating
Line of sight technique
Dynamic mixing
method
0.05-1.3 μm High adhesive strength
Line of sight technique; expensive; produces
amorphous coatings
Dip coating
0.05-0.5 mm Inexpensive; coatings applied quickly; can
coat complex substrates
Requires high sintering temperatures; thermal
expansion mismatch
Sol-gel technique < 1 μm
Can coat complex shapes; low processing
temperatures; relatively cheap as coatings
are very thin
Some processes require controlled atmosphere
processing; expensive raw materials
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