Calcium Orthophosphates as Bioceramics - Calcium Orthophosphates: Applications in Nature, Biology and Medicine - page 354

Table 4.1 (Contd.)

Year Location Process Apatite from: Sintering Compressive

strength

Pore size Porosity Method of

porosity control

2003 Miao et al.
Singapore

TTCP to calcium
orthophosphate
cement. Slurry cast
on polymer foam,
sintered.

TTCP Yes:

1200°C
for 2 h

— 1 mm macro

5 μm micro

~70% Porosity
control:
Recoating time,
polyurethane
foam

2003 Uemura et al.
China + Japan

Slurry of HA with
polyoxyethylene-
laurylether (cross-
linked) and sintered

HA powders Yes:
1200°C
for 3 h

2.25 MPa (0
week) 4.92
MPa (12
weeks)
11.2 MPa
(24 weeks)

500 μm
200 μm
interconnects

~77% Porosity
control:
polymer
interconnects
cross-linking

2003 Ma et al.
Singapore +
USA

Electrophoretic
deposition of HA,
sintering.

HA powders Yes:
1200°C
for 2 h

860 MPa 0.5 μm
130 μm

~20% Porosity
control:
electrophoresis
field

2002 Barralet et al.
Birmingham,
London, UK

Calcium
orthophosphate
cement + sodium
phosphate ice,
evaporated

CaCO + DCPD 1st step:

1400°C
for 1 day

0.6 ± 0.27
MPa

2 μm 62 ± 9% Porosity

control:
porogen shape

3