Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
cases, the coatings are composed of uniform nanocrystalline
apatites (Fig. 3.7). They are capable in performing bone formation
and promoting direct osseointegration with juxtaposed bone
[566-569]. For example, an enhanced new bone formation can be
clearly seen on nanophase HA-coated tantalum compared to micro-
scale HA-coated tantalum and non-coated tantalum (see Fig. 2 in
Ref. [98]). Furthermore, nanostructured calcium orthophosphates
might be used as a coating material to impart surface bioactivity to
other materials, e.g
, glasses [570] and polymers [571, 572]. Finally
but yet importantly, such coatings might be patterned, e.g
.
, by laser
direct writing [491] or electrohydrodynamic atomization spraying
technique [573].
.
Figure 3.7
(a) A photo of a titanium implant coated with electrochemically
deposited HA at 37°C (Cenos
®
BoneMaster); (b) A micrograph
of a titanium implant surface coated with electrochemically
deposited HA at 37°C. Reprinted from Ref. [564] with
permission. Other micrographs of nano-CDHA coatings
biomimetically deposited on NaOH-treated Ti6Al4V surfaces
might be found in Ref. [565].
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