Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
instance, driving a car fuelled with bioethanol produced from biorefinery (23.23 g CO
2
-
eq./km, energy allocation) instead of gasoline from oil refinery (189 g CO
2
-eq./km), saves
approximately 88% of CO
2
-eq. emissions .
25
20
15
10
5
-
Energy allocation
Exergy allocation
Economic allocation
Figure 19. mparison among the different allocation methods (data from Table 9).
Table 10. Specific factors of GHG emissions of biorefinery products
according to the different allocation methods used.
Unit
Energy
Exergy
Economic
Syste
m expansion
g CO
2
-eq./km
23.23
23.74
23.43
-90.20
main product
Transportation (bioethanol)
g CO
2
-eq./km
23.23
24.47
19.38
210.23
credits
Transportation (MTHF)
g CO
2
-eq./g
0.18
0.21
0.69
1.48
credits
Furan resins
g CO
2
-eq./g
0.09
0.10
0.25
5.29
credits
FUMA
kg CO
2
-eq./GJ
9.56
7.82
5.42
119.60
credits
Electricity
kg CO
2
-eq./GJ
9.56
4.69
1.81
106.00
credits
Heat
g CO
2
-eq./g
0.33
0.43
0.06
2.91
credits
Biomethane
g CO
2
-eq./g
1.09
0.92
0.78
8.23
credits
H
2
g CO
2
-eq./g
-
0.001
0.49
0.07
credits
O
2
