Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
QUESTIONS
1.
Which of the following is always true about a two-component mixture that
forms an azeotrope?
a.
the boiling point of the azeotrope is higher than the boiling point of the
lower boiling component
b.
the boiling point of the azeotrope is lower than the boiling point of the
lower boiling component
c.
at the azeotrope, the liquid and vapor have the same composition
d.
separation of the two components by distillation requires a longer
fractionating column.
2.
The boiling point of p-xylene is very close to that of the other C8 isomers,
making separation by distillation difficult. Name two ways that p-xylene
is commercially separated from the C8 stream.
3.
A plant that produces 116 tons per year of acetone coproduces ________
tons of ________?
4.
Ethylene glycol is made from ethylene oxide and a large excess of water.
Draw the structure for the major by-product if one equivalent (rather than
an excess) of water is used.
5.
Consider the following two reactions to make EDC.
H
H
Cl
H
H
H
+Cl
2
CC
H
H
Cl
Direct chlorination
H
H
Cl
H
H
H
+ 2 HCl + 0.5 O
2
CC
+H
2
O
H
H
Cl
Oxychlorination
a.
Most EDC is made by direct chlorination
b.
Most EDC is made by oxychlorination.
c.
Most EDC is made by using both direct chlorination and oxychlorina-
tion in about a 1:1 ratio.
d.
Most EDC is made by using both direct chlorination and oxychlorina-
tion in about a 2:1 ratio.
e.
Neither of these reactions is used today because of environmental
concerns.
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