Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
molecular weight, and additives. Many chemists work in the pharmaceutical
industry and there is a discussion on this industry including some of the
requirements such as GMP. Patent protection is critical for many industries.
The importance of patents and patentability requirements are explained.
Some important inorganic chemicals, in approximate order of quantity pro-
duced, are: sulfuric acid (H
2
SO
4
), lime which is also known as calcium oxide
(CaO), phosphoric acid (H
3
PO
4
), sodium hydroxide which is also known
as caustic or caustic soda (NaOH), sodium chloride or salt (NaCl), sodium
carbonate (Na
2
CO
3
), nitric acid (HNO
3
), ammonium nitrate (NH
4
NO
3
)and
titanium dioxide (TiO
2
). Some important gases include nitrogen (N
2
), oxygen
(O
2
), ammonia (NH
3
), hydrogen (H
2
), chlorine (Cl
2
), and hydrochloric acid
(HCl).
Some major organic compounds are:
Cl
H
H
Ethylene dichloride (EDC)
Cl
H
H
H
H
H
H
CH
3
H
Cl
H
H
Vinyl chloride (or vinyl chloride monomer, VCM)
H
Ethylene
H
Propylene
CH
3
O
H
CO
H
H
H
2
N
NH
2
CH
3
H
Benzene
Ethylbenzene
Styrene
Urea
Methanol
Xylene
H
H
3
C
CH
3
CO
2
H
CH
3
C
H
H
O
HO
OH
O
CO
2
H
Terephthalic acid
Formaldehyde
Ethylene oxide
Toluene
Cumene
Ethylene glycol
O
H
3
C
CN
CO
2
H
H
3
C
OH
H
3
C
Isobutene = isobutylene
Acetic acid
Butadiene
Acrylic acid
Acrylonitrile
H
O
O
O
O
H
O
O
H
H
3
C
O
H
3
C
CH
3
O
Phenol
Acetone
Vinyl acetate
Cyclohexane
Adipic acid
H
3
C
NO
2
CH
3
H
HO
O
Butyraldehyde
OH
Bisphenol-A (BPA)
Nitrobenzene
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