Graphics Programs Reference
In-Depth Information
Reduce
Many quantitative displays can become more effective if you simply reduce the
nonessential. In his topic
The Power of Simplicity
(MIT Press, 2006), John Maeda cites
reduction as the first step: “The simplest way to achieve simplicity is through thoughtful
reduction,” Maeda says. “When in doubt, just remove. But be careful of what you
remove.” So how do you decide what to remove? By reminding yourself what is
important. Ask yourself several questions:
• What will the display really show your audience?
• How will it help them to see your point?
• What is the essence of the point this particular chart helps to make?
• Are any elements in this slide nonessential?
Emphasize
By emphasize I do not mean to exaggerate, spin, or distort the data. What I mean is that
we must point to what is important. What is it that you think is most important? What is
the most salient point to you? Make this clear to the audience.
There are two simple ways to make charts and graphs easier to understand by
emphasizing what is important. The first is to use contrast—such as color—to highlight
the part you want people to focus on. The second method is to write a declarative
statement rather than a title at the top of the slide. For example: “Reported cases of
influenza decreased by 17% in 2009” instantly suggests the meaning of the chart and is
much preferable to something like “Reported cases of influenza (2009).”
In the design of quantitative displays, simplicity is our overriding approach. The general
principles of restraint, reduction, and emphasis—along with other principles explored in
previous chapters—can help us achieve a kind of simplicity that helps the audience
understand our point and why it matters.