Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
erations into the process of making policies, plans and programmes for a wide
range of actions and development sectors to provide for social progress with a
minimal harm to the environment while taking into account concerns of the future
generations (Therivel and Partidario 1996).
Figure 13.2
shows how SEA procedure contributes to pursuing sustainability as
fundamental objectives of strategic decision-making.
Currently a vast number of countries worldwide have established SEA and
SEA-type systems that introduced SEA as a separate process from project-EIA
(Dalal-Clayton and Sadler 2005). In 2001 the European Parliament and the Coun-
cil jointly adopted the Directive 2001/42/EC on the assessment of the effects of
certain plans and programmes on the environment (commonly known as the Euro-
pean SEA Directive), which was published on 21 July 2001. The SEA Directive
came into force on 21 July 2004, the deadline for implementation by member
states, either instead of - or in addition to - any existing state SEA systems, and
provided a unified legal format for the SEA process in the EU member states
(Therivel 2004). By mid-2006, the SEA Directive had been integrated by most of
the EU member states, with only three states having no SEA legislation in force -
Portugal, Greece and Luxemburg (Fischer 2006). Objectives of the SEA Directive
(Art. 1) are closely related to the targets of environmental policy of the European
Union and include integration of environmental considerations into the prepara-
tion and adoption of development strategies with a view to promoting sustainable
development.
Legislation
Policies
Plans
Programmes
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES
S E A
integration of
environmental considerations
taking into account environmental concerns
of the current and future generations
Fig. 13.2.
Purpose of SEA as an instrument for sustainable development
13.3.2 Evolution of Environmental Assessment System in Ukraine
The foundations of the environmental assessment system that is currently in place
in Ukraine were laid in the former Soviet Union. In practice this system covers
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