Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
In the document of the Ministry of Environment (
Ś
rodowiska 2005 ):
Strategy
of wetland protection in Poland with the action plan
for the years 2006
2013 there
-
is a statement:
ow from reclaimed river valleys
caused by a lack of water lifting facilities in drainage ditches is unfavourable in the
country scale. It means that most hydrogenic sites in the country are aimlessly
drained the year round. Properly organised limitation of water out
/
/Uninterrupted water out
fl
ow from rec-
lamation networks is realised only sporadically. Meanwhile, properly regulated
out
fl
fl
ow may support the existence of biocoenotically rich wet meadows
now very
rare in the country. Application of scienti
c principles of water management in
river valleys including the principle of retaining post-winter waters to irrigate soil in
spring period during intensive plant growth and the principle of maximum accu-
mulation of scarce water resources in summer are commonly neglected /
.
The document articulates the need of development of wetland protection
methods with the operational targets:
/
counteracting the unproductive out
fl
ow of water from reclaimed habitats,
￿
￿
dissemination of farming methods in conditions of high soil moisture.
The State Council of Nature Protection in its standpoint on the project:
Pro-
gramme for the development of rural areas in the years 2007
-
2013
of May 10
2006 stated that:
Management of
agricultural water resources in a way to create financial preferences for retaining
water in reclamation systems through irrigation and regulated out
/
/ It would be reasonable to orient activities:
ow. This would
have a great importance not only for production but also for water retention and
fl
fl
flood control. Extremely important is the variant of micro-retention listed in the
activity
Non-productive investments
of the Programme for the Development of
Rural Areas /
cance for nature and edu-
cation. A possibility of installation by farmers small sills on ditches may result in
unprecedented breakdown in the system of water management in detailed recla-
mation networks where farmers were so far mere supplicants, which was ineffective
and conserved claiming attitudes.
/``.The variant would be of great signi
On August 7, 2006, the Director of the Institute for Land Reclamation and
Grassland Farming (now the Institute of Technology and Life Sciences) sent a letter
to the Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development:
/ Considering the
necessity of limiting agricultural losses caused by more and more frequent droughts
and
/
floods and the need of preserving natural values of rural areas I submit a request
to include actions aimed at improving water balance to the Programme for the
Development of Rural Areas for the years 2007
fl
2013.
Agriculture is a branch of economy most exposed to losses due to water deficit
or excess. Meanwhile, the course of atmospheric phenomena observed recently and
predictions of many climatologists clearly indicate that extreme phenomena
resulting in droughts and floods will be more and more frequent. There are justi ed
fears that water de cit in particular will become a barrier limiting the development
of country agriculture. In view of the above facts it is indispensable to undertake, as
fast as possible, actions in order to improve the structure of water balance in small
catchments through increasing retention capacity of agricultural landscape. The
-
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