Exogenous application of phytoprotectants in legumes against environmental stress - Legumes Under Environmental Stress: Yield, Improvement and Adaptations - page 173

Table 11.4 (Cont'd)

Plant species Stress treatment

and duration

Treatment with
phytoprotectants

Major protective effects References

Vicia faba Water stress,

30 days

20 mM Pro,
30 days

• Increased root length, plant height, root and
shoot fresh weight, root and shoot dry weight,
leaf number, leaf area, chl content
• Decreased MDA content
• Increased CAT and POD activities

Ali et al. (2013)

P. aureus 10 μ M As, 10 days 5 μ M Se, 10 days • Increased chl content

• Increased SOD, APX, CAT, GR and GST activities
• Decreased MDA, H 2 O 2 content

Malik et al. (2012)

V. radiata 9 μ M Cd, 72 h 10 μ M ABA, 12 h • Increased root number, root fresh weight,

• Increased POD activity and GSH content
• Decreased activities of SOD and CAT

Li et al. (2014)

V. radiata 10.0 mM AlCl 3 ,

7 days

10 −8 M of
24-epibrassinolide,
foliar spray

• Increased shoot and root length, root and shoot
fresh weight, root and shoot dry weight
• Increased RWC, water use efficiency
• Increased chl, stomatal conductivity, internal CO 2
concentration
• Increased carbonic anhydrase activity and
photosynthetic rate

Ali et al. (2008)

P. aureus 50 μ M Cd, 3 days 100 μ M SA, 16 h • Decreased TBARS content, relative electrolyte

leakage, H 2 O 2 level, O 2 • − content
• Increased SOD and APX activities
• Decreased CAT activity

Zhang et al.
(2011)

G. max 45 μ M Hg(II) every

week as a solution
during 4 weeks

60 μ M Se(IV),
4 times

• Forms a high molecular weight entity containing
Se and Hg in plants

Yathavakilla &
Caruso (2007)

V. radiata 0.2 mg/L Cd,

10 days

6.3, 7.3, and
8.3 mg/L Zn,
3 times

• Increased plant height, fresh weight, number
of root nodules, chl content
• Increased activities of NR, GOGAT, GDH
and protein content

Kumari et al.
(2011)

P. aureus 1, 25, 50, 100,

250 mg/L As and
Cd, 5 days

Seed soaked in
25 mg/kg Zn

• Increased seed germination, germination index
and seedling vigour index
• Increased metal-helating activity

Patel et al. (2013)

Cajanus cajan 5 mM Cu, 12 days 1 μ M JA, 12 days • Increased germination (%), root and shoot length,

total chl, carotenoids
• Decreased MDA and Pro contents
• Decreased SOD and POD activities

Poonam et al.
(2013)

V. radiata Chilling (5 °C),

10 h)

1 mM ABA, 24 h • Decreased levels of MDA and H 2 O 2

• Increased total chl content and carbohydrates
• Increased CAT, POD and APX activities

Saleh (2007)

C. arietinum Chilling (2 °C),

24 h)

500, 1000 μ M SA • Increased RWC, chl content

• Decreased electrolyte leakage

Imami et al.
(2011)

ABA, abscisic acid; AsA, ascorbic acid; CAT, catalase; chl, chlorophyll; DAS, days after sowing; EC, electrical conductivity; GA 3 , gibberellic acid; GB,
glycine betaine; GDH, glutamate dehydrogenase; GOGAT, glutamate synthase; GPX, glutathione peroxidase; GR, glutathione reductase; GSH,
glutathione; GST, glutathione- S -transferase; IAA, indole acetic acid; JA, jasmonic acid; MDA, malondialdehyde; MeJA, methyl jasmonic acid; NR,
nitrate reductase; PEG, polyethylene glycol; POD, peroxidase; Pro, proline; RWC, relative water content; SA, salicyclic acid; SNP, sodium nitroprus-
side; SOD, superoxide dismutase; TBARS, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances.