Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
algorithm on a computer, the population of the individuals required is usually
generated randomly or from a digital genome that controls the form, behavior, or
function of an individual [
2
].
/* Procedure: Evolutionary Algorithm */
Initialize the population with random individuals;
Evaluate the fitness of each individual;
Repeat until end conditions are satisfied;
{
Select parents;
Recombine pairs of parents;
Mutate the resulting off spring;
Evaluate fitness of the new individuals;
Select individuals to survive to the next generation;
}
tness of an individual is the criteria of selection which is often determined
on a problematic basis;
The
tter individuals are more likely to have more offsprings,
but less
t individuals still have a chance of evolution; selective breeding and
natural selection evaluate the
tness of the individuals by using different methods
involving different algorithms which are framed and modeled with different rules
and requirements. Arti
cial evolution and esthetic selections are the interactive
generic algorithm that often takes the assistance of a human in the evolutionary loop
because people are good at judging. Esthetics are what they are trying to evolve,
whereas computers are not [
2
], but people are slow at evaluating
tness when
compared to the computer which can ef
ciently compare thousands of individual
image patterns very fast without getting tired. Sonic ecosystem is an arti
cial life
artistic system which is modeled to capture the concepts of an open-ended bio-
logical system. This open-ended system is highly reactive to its environment and
takes the help of esthetic selection of the user interacting with the system [
6
]. Eden
is an example of interactive and self-generated arti
cial ecosystem which uses the
model of cellular automata for music composition. Here, the entities populate a
virtual world and compete for the existing limited resources. Part of their genetic
representation permits the creatures to make and listen to sounds. Complex musical
and sonic relationships develop as the creatures use sound to aid in their survival
and mating process [
7
].
Using computer to model and produce simulated images and effects is an
effective procedure of modeling where wide range of modeling tools are available
to produce sculptures, 3D and 2D structures, and interaction between objects of an
environment via computer space, governed by rules which are an outcome of our
observations, and the model exists only in imagination. The physical and chemical
dynamics of all kind of processes and the genetic evolutionary system of organic
life continuously create new and original forms [
3
]. These dynamic forces in a
biological world in
uence translation into real-world structures. Complex patterns
are generated using mathematical formulae. All the imaginary forms can be
designed on a computer. Computer keyboard and monitor are used as artistic and
fl
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