Operators - Beginning Java 8 Fundamentals - page 124

Table 4-4. List of Boolean Logical Operators

Operators Meaning Type Usage Result

! !true false Logical NOT Unary

&& true && true true Short-circuit AND Binary

& true & true true Logical AND Binary

|| true || false true

Short-circuit OR Binary

| true | false true Logical OR Binary

^ true ^ true false Logical XOR(Exclusive OR ) Binary

&= test &= true AND assignment Binary

|= test |= true OR assignment Binary

^= test ^= true

XOR assignment Binary

Logical NOT Operator (!)
The logical NOT operator ( ! ) is used in the form

!operand

The operator returns true if the operand is false , and false if the operand is true .

boolean b;
b = !true; // Assigns false to b
b = !false; // Assigns true to b

int i = 10;
int j = 15;
boolean b1 = true;
b = !b1; // Assigns false to b
b = !(i > j); // Assigns true to b, because i > j returns false

Suppose you want to change the value of a boolean variable b to true if its current value is false , and to false if
its current value is true . This can be achieved as shown:

b = !b; // Assigns true to b if it was false and false if it was true

Logical Short-Circuit AND Operator (&&)
The logical short-circuit AND operator ( && ) is used in the form

operand1 && operand2

The operator returns true if both operands are true . If either operand is false , it returns false . It is called a
short-circuit AND operator because if operand1 (the left-hand operand) evaluates to false , it returns false without
evaluating operand2 (the right-hand operand).