Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
Pyrococcus furiosus
(
U20163)
E
Plagio
pyla nasuta
(
Z29437
)
Methanoplanus endosymbiosus
(Cilates,
Z29435
)
Plagiopyla frontata
(
Z29439)
Archaebacteria
74
75
Flavobacterium columnare
(Fish,
AB010951
)
C
oleomegilla maculata
(
Y13889)
Blatella germanica
(
X96730)
Masto
termes darwiniensis
(
Z35665)
100
Flavobacteria
98
98
Gram+
Ant
onina crawii
(
Spiroplasma
,
AB030022
)
Entotheonella palauensis
(sponge,
AF130847
)
δ
-Proteobacteria
63
Agrobacterium tumefacien
s (plant,
AJ012209
)
Rickettsia japonica
(invertebrates,
L36213
)
Rickettsia helvetica
(
L36212
)
Rickettsia typhi
(
U12463
)
100
63
100
73
Drosophila melanogaster
(W,
Z28983
)
Sitophilus
(W,
AF035160
)
Culex pipiens
(W,
X65670
)
Metaseiulus occidentalis
(W,
U44044
)
Trichogramma cordubensis
(W,
X65675
)
α
-Proteobacteria
100
68
61
50
14
Ra
lstonia
sp. (
AB007998
)
Planococcus citri
(
M68890
)
Pseudococcus longispinus
(
M68889
)
Dysmicoc
c
us neobrevipes
(
M68888
)
β
-Proteobacteria
46
100
71
54
95
Psylla floccosa
(
AF286117
)
Anomoneura mori
(
AB013086
)
100
Aleurodicus dugesii
(AF286123) I
90
87
Siphonius phillyreae
(
Z11927
) I
72
96
Trialeurodes vaporariorum
,
Z11928
) I
94
Bathymodiolus thermophilus
(
M99445
)
C
alyptogena magnifica
(
M99446
)
79
S
olemya reidi
(
L25709
)
Anodontia phillipiana
(
L25711
)
Codakia costata
(
L25712
)
Lucina nassula
(
X95229)
86
84
22
95
Pseudomonas
sp. (AF448036) E
Ac
yrthosiphon pisum
(
Z19056
) (
Buchnera
) I
Anomoneura mori
(AB013087, Y symbiont)
Psylla pyricola
(
AF286125
) II
39
86
γ
-Proteobacteria
100
47
E
scherichia coli
(
J01859
) E
Acyrthosiphon pisum
(
AB033777
) II
Euscelidius variegatus
(
Z14096
)
Cimex
lectularius
(
U65654
) I
Bemisia tabaci
(
AF400481
) II
N
asonia vitripennis
(
M90801
) (
Arsenophonus
)
Aleurodicus dugesii
(
AF286129
)
Phlomobacter fragaria
(
U91515
)
53
69
14
Glossina
(
AF022879
) (
Wigglesworthia
) I
Antonina crawii
(
AB030022
) (γ symbiont)
Camponotus camponotii
(
X92549)
I
Paratrioza cockerelli
(
AF286127
) II
Psylla floccosa
(
AF286128
) II
Glossina austeni
(
U64869
) (
Sodalis
) II
S
itophilus zeamais
I-1 (M85269)
Sitophilus oryzae
(AF005235) I (SOPE)
Sitophilus zeamais
I-2 (M85270)
18
0.1
FIGURE 5.2
The phylogenetic tree of the bacterial endosymbionts based on 16S rDNA genes. Alignments
were performed and the phylogenetic tree was constructed as described previously (Heddi et al., 1998). BrieÞy,
DNA sequence database searches were performed at the National Center for Biotechnology Information by
using the BLAST network service. Alignments were generated by Clustal W software and modiÝed by visual
inspection. The phylogenetic tree was generated using the neighbor-joining program of Clustal W software.
Genetic distance (percentage divergence) was calculated excluding positions with gaps or unknown residues.
ConÝdence limits on grouping were determined by the Clustal W bootstrapping technique (1000 repeats).
Bacteria are indicated by their host names or by their names when they infect several hosts. In this case, the
bacterial names are indicated in italics. Species are followed by GenBank accession number. W:
Wolbachia,
I: principal endosymbiont, II: secondary endosymbiont, E: extracellular bacteria (in italics).
Sitophilus zeamais
harbors two principal endosymbionts (1 and 2).
be an alternative explanation for this phenomenon. In agreement with these Ýndings is the genome
sequence of
B. aphidicola
. This genome encodes for 583 ORFs only and, by comparison with
E.
coli
ORFs, it may have lost most genes encoding for nonessential amino acids and the Krebs cycle
(Shigenobu
genomes are
neither very A+T-rich nor of a very size-reduced genome
(Table 5.1).
One interpretation suggests
that this could be linked to the fact that both associations (SOPEÏweevil and
et al., 2000). Nevertheless, it is noteworthy that SOPE and
S
.
glossinidius
Ïtsetse) are
relatively recent and that their DNA composition has not diverged much from those of other free-
Sodalis
