Achievable Positioning Accuracies in a Network of GNSS Reference Stations - Global Navigation Satellite Systems: Signal,Theory and Applications - page 194

Fig. 2. The FKP positioning concept

The application of the positioning strategy is very simple. Four parameters, named E 0 , N 0 ,
E 1 , N 1 can be computed considering the estimated values of geometric and ionospheric
delays, using a given reference position (ϕ R , λ R ). After that, it is possible to calculate the
terms:

( ( ) ( ) )

δ r = 6.37 N ϕ ϕ − + E λ λ − cos ϕ

0 0 R 0 R R

(8)

( ) ( ) ( )

δ r = 6.37 H N ϕϕ − + E λλ ϕ − cos

I 1 R 1 R R

where:

) 3 (

H =+ 1160.53 − E π / (9)

where E is the satellite elevation (in radians). Finally, the two carrier-phase corrections (in
meters) are:

( )

δ r =+

=+

δ r 60 / 77

77 / 60

δ r

f 1 0 I

(10)

( )

δ r δ r δ r

f 2 0 I

4.3 The MAC positioning

In 2001, Euler et al. (2001) had proposed a new approach to the use and transmission of
network corrections called Master Auxiliary Concept (MAC). The concept is the same as
above: a common level of network ambiguity fixing is estimated and the corrections are
transmitted to the rover separating dispersive and non-dispersive components.

In the MAC positioning, the coordinates and the biases of a single reference station (master
station) are broadcasted to the rover in addition to the single differences (both corrections
and coordinates) of the other stations in the network (auxiliary stations).