Digital Signal Processing Reference
In-Depth Information
1 Time
Synchronization
for Wireless
Sensor Networks
13.1 Introduction .......................................................... 373
13.2 Signal Models for Time Synchronization ......... 375
Deinition of Clock  •  Design Considerations • 
Delay Components in Timing Message Delivery
13.3 Fundamental Approaches to Time
Synchronization .................................................... 379
Sender-Receiver Synchronization •  Receiver-
Only Synchronization •  Receiver-Receiver
Synchronization
13.4 Existing Time Synchronization Protocols........ 391
Pairwise Synchronization  • Network-Wide
Synchronization
13.5 Adaptive Time Synchronization for WSNs ......402
Rate-Adaptive Time Synchronization (RATS) • 
RBS-Based Adaptive Clock Synchronization  • 
Adaptive Multihop Time Synchronization
13.6 Conclusions............................................................408
References .........................................................................408
Kyoung-Lae Noh
Texas A&M University
Yik-Chung Wu
The University of Hong Kong
Khalid Qaraqe
Texas A&M University
Erchin Serpedin
Texas A&M University
13.1
Introduction
With the help of recent technological advances in micro-electro-mechanical systems
(MEMS) and wireless communications, low-cost, low-power, and multifunctional wire-
less sensing devices have been developed. When these devices are deployed over a wide
geographical region, they can collect information about the environment and efficiently
collaborate to process such information by forming a distributed communication net-
work, called the wireless sensor network (WSN). WSN is a special case of wireless ad
hoc network, and assumes a multihop communication framework with no common
infrastructure, where the sensors spontaneously cooperate to deliver information by
 
 
 
 
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