ICT Cluster Development Strategy for High-Tech Industry Park in Mongolia - Technopolis: Best Practices for Science and Technology Cities - page 468

GDP), dominant industries in the composition of GDP are mining (22.7 % of
GDP), trade, service, and communication (Jigjid 2001 ).
In 1991, Mongolia started a rapid transition from central planning to a market-
oriented economy. Mongolian industry sectors comprise many traditional forms of
industries, with food production and textiles being the main pillars of the industry.
Mongolia's industry sector suffered a continuous decline throughout the 1990s
after the country transitioned into a market economy. At the same time, progress
was made in establishing the foundations for a market economy. Reforms included
price and trade liberalization, the reduction of lending to state owned enterprises,
the creation of a commercial banking system, and a massive program of privati-
zation which saw the proportion of the economy in private hands rise from 4 % to
over 70 % between 1990 and 2000 (Jigjid 2001 ).

2 Development Toward the Knowledge-Based Economy

At the present moment, when it is obvious that Mongolia focuses the new wave of
its economic development, government agencies have been implementing a series
of concrete actions to build up the foundation and ensure successful development
of a knowledge-based economy. It is inevitably important to create concentration
of knowledge and intellect, and build up an intellectual mine through studying the
best practices of other countries in order to ensure the implementation of long-term
objectives to become a country with knowledge-based economy.

2.1 National Development Strategy 1

Effective baselines for developing technology parks from national and ICT sector
level are as follows:

2.1.1 MDG-Based NDS for 2008-2015

The MDG-based Comprehensive NDS of Mongolia shall be implemented within
the framework of the following priority areas; to achieve the MDG and provide for
an all-round development of Mongolian people, to intensively develop export-
oriented, private sector-led, high-technology-driven manufacturing and services,
with particular focus on information, communication development, promoting bio
and nanotechnology, transit transportation, logistics, financial mediation services,
deeper processing of agricultural products, and create a sustainable, knowledge-

1

The Government of Mongolia, http://www.legalinfo.mn.