Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
The Korean EIP initiative is notable for the potential impact on all industrial
parks in Korea, because this initiative is a 20-year, 3-phase long-term project.
Korea has a total of 504 industrial parks, with 35 large national parks or complexes
on two-thirds of the total industrial land (about 66,635 ha) and the government
intends to transform the major industrial complexes into EIPs in the long run.
The first phase (2006-2010) of the developmental plan strives to perform trial
projects for two industrial parks in order to shift them to EIPs, with prior under-
standing of the material and energy flow analysis, input and output of raw mate-
rials, products, by-products, and wastes. An energy efficient by-product exchange
network would be created using the basic concepts of industrial ecology. Pollution
monitoring systems are installed to envisage the existing wastewater and waste
treatment systems. Additionally, an integrated environmental management system
would emerge together with detailed analysis of the infrastructure. Sustainable
education and awareness campaign has been conducted. The development so far
has envisioned for further phases that would upgrade the existing manpower
resources in conjunction with an organizing group that manages the operation on a
timely basis (Park et al.
2008
).
The second phase (2011-2015) would provide conceptual ideas and dissemi-
nate understanding of the designed concept to twenty other industrial parks. It
would also help in spreading the environmental management system and sustain a
balance between the different key factors that are likely to influence economic
growth. A system of common sharing and practice, common purchase and
common transportation system would be organized to establish an enlarged
infrastructure that is capable of handling joint ventures.
The third phase (2016-2025) would overview the flaws and constraints envi-
sioned in the earlier phases and strive to rework and reinvent the existing system of
practice. The performance indicators would be analyzed and evaluated by an
expert committee to redesign any missing components and infrastructure. The
ultimate aim would realize and pave the way to provide zero discharge in all
process industries within the EIPs.
The Korean EIP Model is characterized as a cluster of inter-networking busi-
nesses, which perform individual and collective cleaner production program prior
to by-products exchange network within an environmental management system
(Chiu
2005
). Under such framework, the KNCPC and Korea Industrial Complex
Corporation will be the main actors in implementing the different phases and
strategically supervising the development and implementation programs.
In November 2004 the KNCPC organized the 2nd International Conference on
Industrial Ecology and Eco-Industrial Park in Seoul, with Indigo Development
providing presentations on a system view of EIPs. Indigo also led two workshops
with delegates from 5 of 6 pilot complexes. On the basis of these experiences,
Lowe and Chiu (
2005
) developed the following critical success factors for the
transition from industrial park to EIP in Korea. These critical success factors
emerged from Indigo's consulting and research in Korea but are generally applied
to the EIP projects in other countries.
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