Sustainable Development of Technopolis: Case Study of Daedeok Science Town/Innopolis in Korea - Technopolis: Best Practices for Science and Technology Cities - page 100

Fig. 4 Growth of R&D centers and related institutions in DV. Source DAEDEOK INNOPOLIS
Management Office, 1979-2004 ( http://ddinnopolis.or.kr/ )
There are typically two levels of R&D activities in DST. One is corporate R&D
labs, which are engaged in basic research; the other is division-level labs, which
are used for research directly related to the business and manufacturing needs of
their particular division-level activities, and also focus on the commercialization of
their products for their business. The characteristics of R&D activities in DST
have changed according to the changes in the main body of R&D activities. For
example, the research institutes of private firms in Daedeok are varied in their
sectoral pattern of activities, while many government institutes are biased toward
basic research and development rather than for production and commercialization
(Fig. 4 ).
At an initial stage, DST focused mainly on pure basic research, because most of
the institutes in DST were public organizations. In 1988, about 42 % of all gov-
ernment research institutes were located and this percentage had increased until
year 2004. From the late 1980s, private sector research institutes began to relocate
from the Capital Region into DST, which resulted from the changed objective of
government that promoted applied research by private R&D center. Private sector
substantially has been higher than public sector in the R&D centers since 1992.
Table 3 shows the increasing development of R&D centers and their employees.
Since private institutes carried out R&D for their mother enterprise, they had
more interests in the technological innovation and profits of mother enterprise than
public benefit. These attributes of private institutes made R&D activities in DST
more subdivided and varied. This variety of activities is important, because it
suggests the potential for future development in DST as well Daejeon, as it can be
attractive to a wide range of research-focused technologically advanced and
innovative organizations. For example, the R&D fields which were conducted in
private R&D labs in 2005 were more subdivided than those of 1992. There are 32
private institutes in 12 fields related to particular industrial sectors like IT, BT, NT,