Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
Raw
materials
Refining,
manufacturing
Mining
Sun
Materials
Recycle
Limited
resources
Fabrication
Products
Environmental Load
(exhaust gas/heat
-entropy)
Use
Wastes
Earth
Disposal
Limited environment
Figure 10.87 Life cycle of artificial materials with environment/resources on the earth
[417]
.
Low entropy = High-quality energy
High entropy = Low quality energy
T1~290 K
Solar radiation
Cloud, rain
Biosphere
ecological
cycle
Hydrosphere
water cycle
Atomsphere
water cycle
Human
life cycle
Space
Excrements, waste,
exhaust gases,
waste heats
Waste heats
Vaporization
Human
society
Long wave length
radiation
T2~250 K
Lithosphere
and biosphere
Geosphere
and hydrosphere
Earth
Figure 10.88 Entropy transfer in energy cycle on the earth
[417,419]
.
