Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
14
Ultrahigh
p
ressure
12
Environmentally stressed
High pressure
10
8
Hydrothermal
S
olution
6
Flux
Environmentally
stressed
Melt
Solid-state reaction
Vapor deposition
4
Plasma
Sputtering
2
Vacuum deposition
Ultrahigh
temperature
Environmentally stressed
0
0
1000
Temperature (°C)
2000
Figure 1.10 Pressure
temperature range for material preparation.
1.9 Statistics of Publications and Research in
Hydrothermal Technology
The statistical data on hydrothermal research give a picture of its developments.
Throughout the course of its evolution from geoscientists to modern technologists,
the hydrothermal technique has captured the attention of scientists and technolo-
gists from different branches of science. Today, it is a highly interdisciplinary sub-
ject and the technique is popularly used by geologists, biologists, physicists,
chemists, ceramists, hydrometallurgists, materials scientists, engineers, and so on.
Figure 1.11
shows various branches of science either emerging out from the hydro-
thermal technique or closely linked up with the hydrothermal technique. One could
firmly say that this family tree will keep expanding its branches and the roots in
the years to come.
In view of such a rapid growth of the hydrothermal technique, it is becoming
imperative to have a highly specialized topic on this topic. There are thousands of
articles published on various aspects of hydrothermal research. In the initial days
of the hydrothermal research, there was a dearth of diversified journals, thus much
of the hydrothermal research data from the nineteenth century to the beginning
of the second half of this century was published in essentially Earth Science
Journals, Chemistry Annals, and Bulletins. Since then, success in the growth of
