Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
N
2
pressure
Guest and solvent
reservoir
Remote control
solenoid valve
Solid-state
energy sensitive
detector
N
2
purge
5
ml flat-bottomed flask
Incident
X-ray
Copper block
Diffracted beam
Magnetic
stirrer
Timer
(a)
Thermocouple
Pressure
cylinder
valve
Nitrogen
supply
Stainless steel PTFE-
lined cylinder
Heated jacket
Bleed valve
Feed line
purge valve
Cell
purge valve
Stainless steel
heated
holding tank
Timer
Solenoid valve
Direction of beam
Heated copper
sample cell
Nonreturn
device
(b)
Stirrer motor
Figure 3.20 The schematic diagrams of : a) hydrothermal reaction cell designed by Clark et
al. [53]; b) hydrothermal reaction cell designed by Evans et al. [54].
More recently, Yanagisawa et al.
[59]
designed an autoclave for solubility mea-
surement. This autoclave has a relatively simple design, but gives accurate solubil-
ity data under relatively mild hydrothermal conditions in which the vapor phase
coexists with the liquid phase. The method basically consists of separation of the
