Trace-Fossil Systematics - Trace Fossils as Indicators of Sedimentary Environments - page 82

Orientation

Subhorizontal

Burrows

Branching

Unbranched

Cylindrical,
ridge-like

Wall-
shaped

U-, J-shaped/
laminar

V-
shaped

Winding/
meandering

Dumbbell-
like

Shape Ribbon-like Bilobate Trilobate Radial Zig-zag Spiral Circular Ellipsoid

Fill

Biformites
Cystichnium
Fimbritubichnus
Nummipera
Oikobesalon
Palaeophycus
Walpia

Ancorichnus
* Beaconites
Macaronichnus
Ereipichnus
Trichophycus
Wenganichnus

Archaeonassa
Belonidopsisichnium
Halimedides
G

Alcyonidiopsis
Bichordites
Bolonia
Climactichnites
Edaphichnium
* Entradichnus
* Fucusopsis
Halopoa
Microspherichnus
Naktodemasis
Parataenidium
Planolites
* Scalarituba
Scolecocoprus
Scolicia
Taenidium

Aglaspidichnus
Carpatichnis
Cruziana
Didymaulichnus
Didymaulyponomos
* Isopodichnus
Raaschichnus
Rusophycus
Tumblagoodichnus
Tylichnus

Hormosiroidea
V Katarrhedrites
Katbergia
V Megaplanolites
Oravaichnium
Paramargaritichnus
Platicytes
Tuberculichnus

Ichnotaxa in red font may be branched or unbranched
Ichnotaxa in blue font may also occur as surface trace (track, trail, impression, etc.)
Underlined ichnotaxa include ornamented ichnospecies

*Taxonomic status unclear
V Vertebrate burrow
G Graphoglyptid

FIGURE 2 Morphologic classification of burrows, as the major group of trace fossils, following a hierarchy of ichnotaxobases. See text for details and Lists 1 and 2
for complete lists of valid and invalid ichnogenera, including references (Supplementary Material: http://booksite.elsevier.com/9780444538130). (A) Subhorizontal,
unbranched burrows.