Chalk and Related Deep-Marine Carbonates - Trace Fossils as Indicators of Sedimentary Environments - page 756

Environmental
setting

Background
fabrics

Recurring
ichnotaxa

Age, material,
and location Substrate Ichnofacies Source

Shallower
shelf—cont'd

Firmground Glossifungites Homogeneous

and softground
fabrics

Th, Ps Cretaceous, chalks, Europe Bromley (1967, 1975)

and Kennedy and
Garrison (1975)

Th, Sp Cretaceous, Arcola Limestone,

Prairie Bluff Chalk, Alabama,
USA

Frey and Bromley
(1985)

Th Cretaceous, Annona and

Saratoga formations, Arkansas,
USA

Bottjer (1985)

Th, Ps, Rh Cretaceous, Austin Chalk,

Texas, USA

Dawson and Reaser
(1990)

Hardground Trypanites Soft- and

firmground
fabrics

Th, Try, Ga, En Cretaceous, chalks, Europe Bromley (1967, 1975)

and Kennedy and
Garrison (1975)

Unstable
margins,
deep-sea
allochthonous

Softground Unnamed Homogeneous Ba, Ch, Zo Re-deposited Cretaceous,

chalks of Europe

Bromley et al. (1975) ,
Nygaard (1983) and
Bromley and Ekdale
(1987)

Nereites/
Arenicolites(?)

Laminated/
cross-laminated

Cl, Ne, Op, Tr,
Ch, Ta, Pl, rare
Ph, Zo, and
graphoglyptids

Cretaceous, turbidite marls,
Monte Antola Formation, Italy

Uchman (2007)

An(?), Th, Te,
Phy, Pl, rare Ch

Cretaceous, calciturbidites,
Scaglia Rossa, Italy

Miller et al. (2004)

An, Ancorichnus; As, Asterosoma; Ba, Bathichnus; Ch, Chondrites; Cl, Cladichnus; Cy, Cylindrichnus; En, Entobia; Ga, Gastrochaenolites; He, Helminthopsis; La,
Laevicyclus; Pl, Planolites; Ph, Phycosiphon; Phy, Phycodes; Ps, Pseudobilobites; Ne, Nereites; Op, Ophiomorpha; Rh, Rhizocorallium; Sk, Skolithos; Sp, Spongeliomorpha;
Ta, Taenidium; Te, Teichichnus; Th, Thalassinoides; Tr, Trichichnus; Try, Trypanites; Zo, Zoophycos.