Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
FIGURE 4
Lower offshore silty mudstones with ichnological suites consistent with a distal expres-
sion of the
Cruziana
Ichnofacies. (A) Unit shows BI
¼
5, with abundant
Phycosiphon
(
Ph
), with
Chondrites
(
Ch
), and rare, muddy
Zoophycos
(
Z
). (B) Unit shows BI
¼
5, with robust
Zoophycos
(
Z
),
Helminthopsis
(
H
),
Planolites
(
P
),
Phycosiphon
(
Ph
),
Chondrites
(
Ch
),
Teichichnus
(
T
), and
Thalassinoides
(
Th
). (C) Unit shows BI
¼
5, with
Asterosoma
(
As
),
Thalassinoides
(
Th
),
Zoophycos
(
Z
) (example cut oblique to the chevrons),
Phycosiphon
(
Ph
),
Chondrites
(
Ch
),
Schaubcylindrichnus
freyi
(
Sf
), and
Planolites
(
P
). (D) Bioturbated silty mudstone showing BI
¼
5, interbedded with thin,
wavy parallel-laminated sandstone beds with BI
¼
0-2. Laminated sandstone beds correspond to dis-
tal tempestites. Trace fossils include
Phycosiphon
(
Ph
),
Cosmorhaphe
(
Cr
),
Helminthopsis
(
H
),
Pla-
nolites
(P), and
Chondrites
(
Ch
). Scale bars in centimeters.
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