Shorefaces - Trace Fossils as Indicators of Sedimentary Environments - page 548

FIGURE 2 Integrated ichnological/sedimentological model for shoreface settings, with positions of
the subenvironments. Modified after MacEachern and Bann (2008), and MacEachern et al. (1999b ).
understood. As such, earlier models appear to have incorporated ichnological-
sedimentological characteristics from deltaic successions (particularly
wave-dominated deltaic complexes) into the shorefacemodel (e.g., markedly het-
erolithic successions in basinal “offshore” positions better characterized as pro-
delta, abundant mudstone interbeds in proximal “middle shoreface” positions
more accurately identified as delta front; cf. MacEachern and Bann, 2008 ). How-
ever, studies on the ichnology of ancient deltaic successions have dramatically
increased in number recently and the resulting deltaic ichnological models high-
light their deviation fromshoreface facies characteristics (e.g., Bann andFielding,
2004; Bannet al., 2008; Bhattacharya andMacEachern, 2009; Buatois et al., 2008,
2011, 2012; Coates and MacEachern, 2007; Gingras et al., 1998; Hansen and