Grapefruit - Tropical and Subtropical Fruits: Postharvest Physiology, Processing and Packaging - page 350

Table 19.1. Major grapefruit-producing countries by quantity, metric tons (1990-2009).

Country 1 1990 1995 2000 2005 2009

China 130,268 247,156 268,128 444,280 2,768,308

USA 1,794,000 2,641,700 2,505,640 923,510 1,182,970

Mexico 107,404 160,522 263,126 350,199 395,000

South Africa 100,696 128,046 322,834 362,981 370,411

Israel 404,100 404,400 246,000 263,540 249,414

Argentina 80,000 96,500 130,000 148,000 193,822

India 33,000 65,000 130,000 150,000 190,973

Turkey 166,580 195,918 217,905 272,704 150,000

Cuba 331,157 271,332 443,705 134,090 121,500

Tunisia 51,300 40,900 62,449 73,767 86,416

Brazil 49,518 64,928 66,000 68,000 66,895

Sudan 45,000 63,000 66,000 68,042 65,655

World total 2 4,075,136 5,161,265 5,423,070 4,038,029 6,565,351

1 Ranked by 2009 production data; 2 including all other countries not listed here.
Source: FAO (2011).

commercially in India. 'Duncan,' which is the original
white, seedy grapefruit, and 'Marsh,' a white, seedless
grapefruit, are minor varieties grown in Texas (Sauls, 1998).
'Marsh' ('Marsh Seedless') is a seedless variety and
planted more than any other cultivar. Several pink-fleshed
varieties are thought to be spontaneous mutations (Bates
et al., 2010). The fruit is oblate to round, medium in size,
3.5-4.75 in. (9-12 cm) wide. Peel is light yellow and very
smooth. Pulp is buff, in 12-14 segments, with tender mem-
branes, melting, and is extremely juicy and rich in fla-
vor. They are seedless or have three to eight medium-sized
seeds. The cultivar keeps well after harvest. 'Marsh' is
the leading grapefruit cultivar grown in the United States
(Florida, California, Texas, and Arizona), South America,
Australia, South Africa, Israel, and India. A local selection,
presumably of a seedling 'Marsh,' in Surinam is known

there as 'Hooghart.' The two are almost indistinguishable
(Morton, 1987).
The variety 'Foster' ('Foster Pink Flesh') originated in
Florida. Fruit is oblate to round; medium-large, averaging
3.75 in. (9.5 cm) in width. It has a peel that is light yellow
blushed with pink, smooth but with large, conspicuous oil
glands; albedo pink; and a pulp that is light buff, pinkish
near the center, in 13 or 14 segments with pinkish walls,
tender, juicy, and is of good quality despite seeds, up to
50 or even more, of medium size. This variety is not very
popular and was grown to a limited extent in Florida, Texas,
Arizona, and India (Morton, 1987).
'Paradise Navel,' a selection from a citrus grove near
Winter Garden, Florida, was released in 1976. The fruit
is oblate, smaller than a typical grapefruit. Originally, it
was very seedy, but by budding onto various rootstocks and

Table 19.2. Regional grapefruit production statistics, thousand metric tons (1990-2009).

Region 1990 1995 2000 2005 2009

Africa 364.0 358.7 577.9 638.0 656.8

Americas 1

2,753.6 3,626.6 3,787.1 2,016.4 2,148.8

Asia 879.5 1,111.2 999.3 1,310.0 3,689.2

Europe 42.8 48.4 43.1 52.5 58.2

Oceania 2 35.2 16.4 15.7 21.1 12.4

1 Includes North, Central, and South America; 2 mainly Australia and New Zealand.
Source: FAO (2011).